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Agency overview | |
---|---|
Formed | 2018 |
Jurisdiction | United States |
Headquarters | Rosslyn, Arlington, VA |
Employees | 3,374 (2017) |
Annual budget | $3.3 billion (2017) |
Agency executives |
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Parent agency | Department of Homeland Security |
Website | DHS Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency |
The Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) was established on 16 November 2018 when PresidentDonald Trump signed into law the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Act of 2018.[2][3] CISA is a standalone United States federal agency, an operational component under Department of Homeland Security (DHS) oversight.[3] Its activities are a continuation of the National Protection and Programs Directorate (NPPD).
Former NPPD Under Secretary Christopher Krebs is CISA's first Director, and former Deputy Under Secretary Matthew Travis is its first Deputy Director.[4][5] The expected role of CISA is to improve cybersecurity across all levels of government, coordinate cybersecurity programs with states, and improve the government's cybersecurity protections against private and nation-state hackers.[3]
History[edit]
Formed in 2007, the National Protection and Programs Directorate (NPPD) was a component of the United States Department of Homeland Security.[6] NPPD's goal was to advance the Department's national security mission by reducing and eliminating threats to U.S. critical physical and cyber infrastructure.
The NPPD was led by the Under Secretary of Homeland Security for National Protection and Programs, appointed by the President of the United States with confirmation by the United States Senate.
On November 16, 2018, President Trump signed into law the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Act of 2018, which elevated the mission of the former NPPD within DHS, establishing the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA).[7]NPPD was the lead component of the United States Department of Homeland Security in the protection of the Nation's physical and cyber critical infrastructure and key resources from terrorist attacks, natural disasters, and other catastrophic incidents. NPPD collaborated and shared information with federal, state, local, tribal, international, and private-sector partners.
On January 22, 2019, CISA issued its first-ever Emergency Directive (Mitigate DNS Infrastructure Tampering; 19-01)[8] warning that 'an active attacker is targeting government organizations' using DNS spoofing techniques to perform man-in-the-middle attacks.[9] Research group FireEye stated that 'initial research suggests the actor or actors responsible have a nexus to Iran.'[10]
Subcomponents[edit]
CISA subcomponents include the:[11]
- Infrastructure Security Division
- Emergency Communications Division
- National Risk Management Center
- Integrated Operations Division
- Stakeholder Engagement Division
- Federal Protective Service (FPS)
- National Emergency Technology Guard (inactive, but can be activated by the director of CISA)
Cybersecurity Division (CSD)[edit]
The Cybersecurity Division leads efforts to protect the federal '.gov' domain of civilian government networks, and to collaborate with the private sector to increase the security of critical networks. This occurs through four primary functions.
CISA's National Cybersecurity and Communications Integration Center's (NCCIC) is the Nation's flagship cyber defense, incident response, and operational integration center. Since 2009, the NCCIC has served as a national hub for cyber and communications information, technical expertise, and operational integration, and by operating our 24/7 situational awareness, analysis, and incident response center.
As the Sector-Specific Agency for the Communications and Information Technology (IT) sectors, CISA coordinates national-level reporting that is consistent with the National Response Framework (NRF).
Infrastructure Security Division (ISD)[edit]
The Infrastructure Security Division coordinates and collaborates across government and the private sector. The Division conducts and facilitates vulnerability and consequence assessments to help critical infrastructure owners and operators and State, local, tribal, and territorial partners understand and address risks to critical infrastructure. It also provides information on emerging threats and hazards so that appropriate actions can be taken, as well as tools and training to partners to help partners in government and industry manage the risks to their assets, systems, and networks.
Emergency Communications Division (ECD)[edit]
The Emergency Communications Division supports and promotes communications used by emergency responders and government officials to keep America safe, secure, and resilient. The CISA Emergency Communications Division leads the Nation’s operable and interoperable public safety and national security and emergency preparedness (NS/EP) communications efforts. The Emergency Communications Division provides training, coordination, tools, and guidance to help its federal, state, local, tribal, territorial and industry partners develop their emergency communications capabilities. The Emergency Communications Division’s programs and services coordinate emergency communications planning, preparation and evaluation, to ensure safer, better-prepared communities nationwide.
National Risk Management Center (NRMC)[edit]
The National Risk Management Center (NRMC) is housed within the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA). The NRMC is a planning, analysis, and collaboration center working to identify and address the most significant risks to the nation’s critical infrastructure.
The NRMC works in close coordination with the private sector and other key stakeholders in the critical infrastructure community to: Identify; Analyze; Prioritize; and Manage the most strategic risks to our National Critical Functions — the functions of government and the private sector so vital to the United States that their disruption, corruption, or dysfunction would have a debilitating impact on security, national economic security, national public health or safety, or any combination.
Integrated Operations Division (IOD)[edit]
CISA’s newly created Operations Division is designed to consolidate the management of operational field activities throughout the CISA Regions, emergency support functions, certain operational watch functions, continuity of operations programs, internal training and exercises, and other elements, as appropriate.
Stakeholder Engagement Division (SED)[edit]
The Stakeholder Engagement Division within Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) streamlines strategic outreach to government and industry partners, by leveraging capabilities, information and intelligence, and subject matter experts in order to meet stakeholder requirements. SED programs and initiatives build public, private and international partnerships and capacity for resilience across the Nation’s critical infrastructure and the cybersecurity community.
Federal Protective Service[edit]
Federal Protective Service is a federal law enforcement agency that provides integrated security and law enforcement services to federally owned and leased buildings, courthouses, facilities, properties and other assets, as well as the personnel associated with them. The agency leads the department's comprehensive security and law enforcement services for mitigating risk to more than 9,000 Federal facilities and their 1.1 million occupants nationwide. Operational activities include law enforcement response; risk assessments of Federal facilities to determine, recommend, and install appropriate risk mitigation measures; and oversight of between 12,000 and 15,000 armed contract protective security officers, depending on customer requirements. Further, personnel conduct criminal investigations, provide regular security awareness training to stakeholders, and provide support to major events.
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^'Homeland Security (Organization)'.
- ^'About CISA'. Department of Homeland Security. 19 November 2018. Retrieved 16 December 2018.This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ^ abcCimpanu, Catalin (November 16, 2018). 'Trump signs bill that creates the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency'. ZDNet. Retrieved December 16, 2018.
- ^Johnson, Derek B. (2018-03-18). 'NPPD taps vendor for No. 2 role -'. FCW. Retrieved 2019-03-15.
- ^Rockwell, Mark (2018-12-20). 'Standing up CISA'. FCW. Retrieved 2019-03-15.
- ^'DHS | About the National Protection and Programs Directorate'. Dhs.gov. 2011-08-26. Retrieved 2011-09-27.
- ^'Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency'. DHS.gov. Retrieved 24 November 2018.
- ^'Emergency Directive 19-01'. cyber.dhs.gov. Department of Homeland Security. Retrieved 16 February 2019.
- ^Krebs, Christopher. 'Why CISA issued our first Emergency Directive'. cyber.dhs.gov. Department of Homeland Security. Retrieved 16 February 2019.
- ^Hirani, Muks; Jones, Sarah; Read, Ben. 'Global DNS Hijacking Campaign: DNS Record Manipulation at Scale'. FireEye. Retrieved 16 February 2019.
- ^'Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Organizational Chart'. Department of Homeland Security. 2019-02-27. Retrieved 2019-05-04.
External links[edit]
Retrieved from 'https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cybersecurity_and_Infrastructure_Security_Agency&oldid=935791281'
National Cyber Security Policy is a policy framework by Department of Electronics and Information Technology (DeitY)[1] It aims at protecting the public and private infrastructure from cyber attacks.[2] The policy also intends to safeguard 'information, such as personal information (of web users), financial and banking information and sovereign data'. This was particularly relevant in the wake of US National Security Agency (NSA) leaks that suggested the US government agencies are spying on Indian users, who have no legal or technical safeguards against it. Ministry of Communications and Information Technology (India) defines Cyberspace as a complex environment consisting of interactions between people, software services supported by worldwide distribution of information and communication technology.[2][3][4]
Reason for Cyber Security[edit]
India had no Cyber security policy before 2013. In 2013, The Hindu newspaper, citing documents leaked by NSAwhistleblowerEdward Snowden, has alleged that much of the NSA surveillance was focused on India's domestic politics and its strategic and commercial interests.[5] This sparked a furor among people. Under pressure, the government unveiled a National Cyber Security Policy 2013 on 2 July 2013.
Vision[edit]
To build a secure and resilient cyberspace for citizens, business, and government and also to protect anyone from intervening in your privacy.
Mission[edit]
To protect information and information infrastructure in cyberspace, build capabilities to prevent and respond to cyber threat, reduce vulnerabilities and minimize damage from cyber incidents through a combination of institutional structures, people, processes, technology, and cooperation.
Objective[edit]
Ministry of Communications and Information Technology (India) define objectives as follows:
- To create a secure cyber ecosystem in the country, generate adequate trust and confidence in IT system and transactions in cyberspace and thereby enhance adoption of IT in all sectors of the economy.
- To create an assurance framework for the design of security policies and promotion and enabling actions for compliance to global security standards and best practices by way of conformity assessment (Product, process, technology & people).
- To strengthen the Regulatory Framework for ensuring a SECURE CYBERSPACE ECOSYSTEM.
- To enhance and create National and Sectoral level 24X7 mechanism for obtaining strategic information regarding threats to ICT infrastructure, creating scenarios for response, resolution and crisis management through effective predictive, preventive, protective response and recovery actions.
-To improve visibility of integrity of ICT products and services by establishing infrastructure for testing & validation of security of such product.
- To create workforce for 500,000 professionals skilled in next 5 years through capacity building skill development and training.
- To provide fiscal benefit to businesses for adoption of standard security practices and processes.
- To enable Protection of information while in process, handling, storage & transit so as to safeguard privacy of citizen's data and reducing economic losses due to cyber crime or data theft.
- To enable effective prevention, investigation and prosecution of cybercrime and enhancement of law enforcement capabilities through appropriate legislative intervention.
Strategies[edit]
- Creating a secured Ecosystem.
- Creating an assurance framework.
- Encouraging Open Standards.
- Strengthening The regulatory Framework.
- Creating mechanism for Security Threats Early Warning, Vulnerability management and response to security threat.
- Securing E-Governance services.
- Protection and resilience of Critical Information Infrastructure.
- Promotion of Research and Development in cyber security.
- Reducing supply chain risks
- Human Resource Development (fostering education and training programs both in formal and informal sectors to support Nation's cyber security needs and build capacity.
- Creating cyber security awareness.
- Developing effective Public Private Partnership.
- To develop bilateral and multilateral relationship in the area of cyber security with other country. (Information sharing and cooperation)
- Prioritized approach for implementation.
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^'National Cyber Security Policy-2013'. Department Of Electronics & Information Technology, Government Of India. 1 July 2013. Retrieved 21 November 2014.
- ^ ab'Amid spying saga, India unveils cyber security policy'. Times of India. INDIA. 3 July 2013. Retrieved 24 September 2013.
- ^'National Cyber Security Policy 2013: An Assessment'. Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses. 26 August 2013. Retrieved 24 September 2013.
- ^'For a unified cyber and telecom security policy'. The Economic Times. 24 September 2013. Retrieved 24 September 2013.
- ^Editorial (9 July 2013). 'Protect, don't snoop'. The Hindu. ISSN0971-751X. Retrieved 2 January 2019.
External links[edit]
- 'National Cyber Security Policy 2013'(PDF). Department of Information Technology, Ministry of Communications and Information Technology.
Retrieved from 'https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=National_Cyber_Security_Policy_2013&oldid=945843851'